Question

অরবিটাল ও উপশক্তিস্তরের-এর মধ্যে পার্থক্য কী?

Answer 1

কোনো পার্থক্য নাই। অরবিটাল আর উপশক্তিস্তর মূলত একই জিনিস।অরবিটালের বাংলা পরিভাষা হচ্ছে উপশক্তিস্তর।একে s,p,d,f ইত্যাদি প্রতীকের সাহায্যে প্রকাশ করা হয়।

Answer 2

Both orbitals and subenergy levels are important concepts in atomic structure, but they have distinct differences:

1. Definition:

• Orbital: An orbital is a region of space around the nucleus where an electron is most likely to be found. It has a specific shape and energy level.
• Subenergy level: A subenergy level is a group of orbitals with similar energy levels. It is further divided into individual orbitals.

2. Number:

• An atom can have only a specific number of orbitals depending on its principal quantum number (n). For example, the first energy level can only have one orbital (1s), the second energy level can have four orbitals (2s, 2px, 2py, 2pz), and so on.
• Each subenergy level can have a different number of orbitals. For example, the s subenergy level has only one orbital, the p subenergy level has three orbitals, the d subenergy level has five orbitals, and the f subenergy level has seven orbitals.

3. Shape:

• Orbitals have different shapes depending on their subenergy level. The s orbital is spherical, the p orbitals are dumbbell-shaped, the d orbitals are more complex, and the f orbitals are even more complex.
• Subenergy levels themselves do not have a specific shape.

4. Energy:

• Within a subenergy level, the energies of the individual orbitals are slightly different. However, the general energy level of a subenergy level increases as the principal quantum number (n) increases.
• Subenergy levels themselves have a range of energies depending on the individual orbitals within them.

5. Electron filling:

• Electrons fill the orbitals within a subenergy level in a specific order starting with the lowest energy orbital and moving to the higher energy orbitals. This is known as the Aufbau principle.
• Subenergy levels are filled in order of increasing energy. For example, the 1s subenergy level is filled first, then the 2s subenergy level, then the 2p subenergy level, and so on.

In summary:

• Orbitals are specific regions of space where electrons are most likely to be found, while subenergy levels are groups of orbitals with similar energy levels.
• Each subenergy level can contain multiple orbitals with different shapes.
• Subenergy levels are filled in order of increasing energy, while individual orbitals within a subenergy level are filled in order of increasing energy.

I hope this explanation clarifies the difference between orbitals and subenergy levels.