An embedded-SIM (eSIM), or embedded universal integrated circuit card (eUICC), is a form of programmable SIM that is embedded directly into a device.
OverviewEdit
Rather than a physical SIM card that is manually inserted into a device an eSIM is permanently surface mounted to a mobile device at the factory. It improves reliability and network security, while also reducing space requirements, since a relatively bulky connector is not needed, increasing design flexibility.
An eSIM is typically provisioned remotely; end-users can add or remove operators without the need to physically swap a SIM from the device.[1] All eSIMs are programmed with a permanent eSIM ID (EID) at the factory.[2] This number is used by the provisioning service to associate the device with an existing carrier subscription as well as to negotiate a secure channel for programming.
eSIM is a global specification by the GSMA that enables remote SIM provisioning of any mobile device. GSMA defines eSIM as the SIM for the next generation of connected consumer devices. Networking solutions using eSIM technology can be widely applied to various Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios, including connected cars (smart rearview mirrors, on-board diagnostics (OBD), vehicle Wi-Fi hotspots), artificial intelligence translators, MiFi devices, smart earphones, smart metering, GPS tracking units, DTU, bike-sharing, advertising players, video surveillance devices, etc.
eSIM uses the same electrical interface as a physical SIM as defined in ISO/IEC 7816. Once a carrier profile has been installed on an eSIM it operates the same as a physical SIM, complete with a unique ICCID and network authentication key generated by the carrier.
The physical form factor of an eSIM chip is commonly designated MFF2.[3]
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